Following the discussions presented in Part I regarding the importance and strategic role of inspection services, this article provides a

Refinery revamp and modernization projects are among the most sensitive and complex industrial undertakings. In such projects, inspection goes far

Introduction Within the system of international criminal law, only the gravest and most dangerous conduct is defined as international crimes.

What Is Ecocide and Why Does It Matter? In recent decades, the concept of “ecocide” has emerged as one of

In recent years, the oil and gas refining industry has undergone a significant transformation: a shift from traditional inspection methods

Relying on traditional manual and visual inspection methods in post-crisis environments is not only time-consuming but also poses significant risks

Industrial disasters—ranging from earthquakes and floods to widespread fires—do not merely target physical assets; they challenge “business continuity.” In such