If you have ever seen a vehicle suddenly lose control and move left or right on a slippery road or during a sharp turn, you understand that stability is one of the most important concerns in driving safety. Electronic Stability Control (ESC) systems are specifically designed for this purpose: helping vehicles maintain the driver’s intended path under challenging conditions such as wet or snowy roads and sudden cornering, while preventing skidding or uncontrolled rotation. In conventional vehicles, this function is