Air quality in Europe has improved steadily over the past two decades, but the European Commission’s latest report warns that pollution still poses a “serious risk” to both human health and ecosystems. The Fourth Clean Air Outlook, released on 3 March 2025, shows that while emissions of several key pollutants are declining thanks to strong EU policies, progress is uneven, and ammonia emissions in particular remain a major obstacle to achieving the EU’s ambitious zero-pollution goals. The report highlights real